Gambling involves putting something of value at risk on an uncertain event. Whether it’s the roll of a dice, the spin of a roulette wheel, or the outcome of a horse race, gambling centers on the concept of chance and uncertainty. While it’s important to note that most people who gamble do so responsibly and enjoy the activity, a small group of individuals become heavily involved in gambling activities that have significant personal, social, family, and financial consequences.

A person who is a problem gambler will often deny that they have a gambling addiction, and may hide their gambling activity from family members and friends. Those who are struggling with an addiction to gambling should seek help from a trained professional who can offer guidance, support and referral resources. Depending on the severity of the problem, treatment options for gambling disorder range from self-help support groups to inpatient or residential rehabilitation programs.

Many health care professionals recognize that there is a role for screening patients for gambling behavior disorders within primary health care settings.1,2 A growing number of adults are reported to meet the criteria for a pathological gambling diagnosis, and more and more research is being published that links this type of behavior to potential harms.

Unlike drugs, which are clearly defined as substances with addictive properties and associated side effects, gambling is a legal activity with multiple risks that can affect any individual regardless of age or socioeconomic status. This makes it an attractive target for medical and public health interventions.

The most common types of gambling include lotteries, casino games (e.g., slot machines), sports betting, and online gambling. While no single form of gambling is more likely to lead to addiction than another, studies have shown that the underlying psychological processes are similar across all forms of gambling.

The risk of gambling addiction can be reduced by setting healthy spending limits, limiting access to money, removing credit cards and other payment methods, reviewing bank and credit card statements, and staying away from casinos and other gambling venues. Practicing relaxation techniques, seeking out other activities to relieve boredom and loneliness, and strengthening family relationships can also help a person overcome a gambling addiction. Finally, a person with an addiction to gambling should seek peer support by joining a recovery program such as Gamblers Anonymous, which is based on the 12-step model used by Alcoholics Anonymous. In addition, some treatment and rehab programs specialize in treating gambling addictions and can offer individualized treatment plans for each patient. If you are struggling with a gambling addiction, contact your local community mental health service or talk to your doctor to discuss local referral resources. They can provide certified gambling counselors and intensive treatment programs for you or your loved one. It is important to remember that a good recovery from gambling addiction requires time and perseverance. It’s normal to slip up from time to time, but it is important to continue working towards a life free from gambling.